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Lippukassalla - At the tickets office
Matti matkustaa Turkuun. Hän ostaa matkalipun.
- Matti: Saisinko yhden lipun Turkuun.
- Lipunmyyjä: Meno vai meno-paluu?
- Matti: Pelkkä meno. Olen opiskelija, saako teiltä opiskelija-alennusta?
- Lipunmyyjä: Kyllä. Opiskelija-alennus on 50%. Onko teillä opiskelijakortti?
- Matti: Siinä, olkaa hyvä.
- Lipunmyyjä: Kiitos. Lipun hinta on 12 euroa 60 senttiä.
- Matti: Olkaa hyvä. Miltä laiturilta juna lähtee?
- Lipunmyyjä: Juna lähtee laiturilta 4. Se on heti vasemmalla.
- Matti: Kiitoksia.
- Lipunmyyjä: Olkaa hyvä. Hyvää matkaa.
| matkustaa | to travel |
| matkalippu | ticket |
| meno | one-way |
| opiskelija-alennus | student discount |
| opiskelijakortti | student card |
| hinta | price |
| lähteä | to leave, to depart |
| laituri | platform |
| vasemmalla | on your left |
Kysymykset - Interrogatives
yes/no questions are formed by -ko-suffix. You can add the suffix to the noun, pronoun or verb. This is the topic of the sentence, and therefore placed first.
Onko teillä auto? - Do you have a car?
Teilläkö on auto? - Are you the one who has the car?
Autoko teillä on? - Is it the car what you have? (not e.g bicycle)
As you can see, this is an easy way to form very different kind of questions.
Wh-questions are formed with interrogative pronoun.
- mikä - what
- missä - where
- mistä - from where
- minne - where to
- milloin - when
- miten - how
- miksi - why
- millainen - what kind of
Mikä on maailman korkein vuori?
What is the highest mountain of the world?
Missä on maailman pisin joki?
Where is the longest river of ther world?
Mistä appelsiinit ovat kotoisin?
Where does the oranges come from?
Minne Tonava laskee?
Where does the Donau end?
Milloin Tarton rauha solmittiin ?
When was Tartu peace concluded?
Miten mämmi valmistetaan?
How mämmi is made?
Miksi kirahvilla on pitkä kaula?
Why the giraffe has long neck?
Millainen eläin on vompatti?
What kind of aninmal is wompat?
Paikat - locations
In Finnish, the locations are expressed by cases in stead of prepositions. There is six different location cases. (See also the grammar-part)
Inessive expresses beeing inside, it can be translated in, within or at, it ends with -ssa.
- Turussa, Helsingissä
- in Turku, in Helsinki
Elative expresses coming out, it can be translated from, or out of, it ends with -sta.
- Turusta, Helsingistä
- from Turku, from Helsinki
Illative expresses going in or to a place, it can be translated into or to, it ends with long wovel and n, or -hin.
- Turkuun, Helsinkiin
- to Turku, to Helsinki
These three are interior location cases by common name.
Adessive is used for at, on or top of. Sometimes also near of, about or around of something, it ends with -lla.
- asemalla, pöydällä
- at the station, on the table
Ablative expresses leaving a place, the ending is -lta.
- laiturilta, asemalta
- from the platform, from the station
Allative is used for on to or to, ending with -lle.
- pöydälle, asemalle
- on the table, on the station
- (eg. panen kynän pöydälle, I put the pencil on the table)
These three are exterior location cases.
The cases connotate not only a location, but also a direction. This is very logical, but may be difficult to understand, if there is different system in ones language.
-
inner:
- rasiaan - rasiassa - rasiasta
- rasialle - rasialla - rasialta
You have to think you have a thing, let's say, a key. You put the key in the box (rasiaan), then the key is in the box (rasiassa), and you take the key out from the box (rasiasta). And if you put the key on the box (rasialle), the key is placed on the box (rasialla) and finally you take the key from the top of the box (rasialta).
Examples: Questions and locations together
- Missä sinä asut?
- Minä asun Turussa.
- Minne menet?
- Menen kahvilaan.
- Minne matkustat maanantaina?
- Matkustan maalle.
- Missä avain on?
- Avain on pöydällä.
- Miltä laiturilta juna lähtee?
- Juna lähtee laiturilta kaksi.